Australia is a country in the southern hemisphere which is also the name of the world's smallest continent. Its area includes the entire continent of Australia and some islands in the South Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. Australia's neighbors to the north, including Indonesia, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea. To the northeast of neighboring Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia (France administratively belongs), while in neighboring southeastern New Zealand.
Australia, although located near Asia, more commonly referred to as part of the Western world because life is similar to Western Europe and the United States. Its population was mostly white.
Australian continent has been inhabited for 40,000 years by indigenous Australians, but in the 17th century after the sporadic visits of the fishermen in the northern and European explorers and traders, eastern half of Australia was claimed as British territory in 1770 and formally used as a convict settlement colonies (criminals) in New South Wales on 26 January 1788. In line with the population and the encroachment of new territories, the five major areas that manage their own "colony ruled by the Centre" (Crown Colony) was established one after another throughout the 19th century.
On January 1, 1901, the six colonies federated and the Commonwealth of Australia was formed. Since federation, Australia has maintained a liberal democratic political system is stable and remains a Commonwealth Realm. The last population recorded was 20.4 million people and are generally concentrated in the towns along the coastline such as Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth (and become the major cities in Australia). Its capital is located in Canberra, while in areas gurunnya spacious, very little population.
Unique fauna cause this country is identical to the animal kangaroos and koalas.
In 2000, in Sydney hosted the 2000 Olympics.
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